1633
Ibid., p. 167.
Ibid., p. 94.
Ibid., p. 109.
Ibid., p. 112.
Strachan, Morale, p. 391.
Bickersteth, Bickersteth Diaries, p. 295.
Coker, War and the Twentieth Century, p. 120.
Johnson J., 1918, p. 189.
Ibid., pp. 189f.
См. Förster, Dreams and Nightmares.
Kennedy, Military Effectiveness, p. 343.
Edmonds, Short History, p. 281.
Herwig, Dynamics of Necessity, p. 102.
Howard, Crisis of the Anglo-German Antagonism, p. 17.
Prete, French Military War Aims, pp. 888–898.
Harvey, Collision of Empires, p. 279.
Crow, Man of Push and Go, p. 69.
Harvey, Collision of Empires, p. 279.
Seligmann, Germany and the Origins, pp. 321f.
D. French, Meaning of Attrition, pp. 387f.
См., например, Berghahn, Modern Germany, p. 48; Manning, Wages and Purchasing Power, pp. 260, 284f. Обзор см. в Zeidler, Deutsche Kriegsfinanzierung, pp. 415–434.
См., например, Kindleberger, Financial History, pp. 291f; Holtfrerich, German Inflation, pp. 118ff.
Balderston, War Finance, pp. 222–244.
Witt, Finanzpolitik und sozialer Wandel im Krieg, p. 425. См. также Lotz, Die deutsche Staatsfinanzwirtschaft, p. 104; Roesler, Finanzpolitik, pp. 197ff; Bresciani-Turroni, Economics of Inflation, p. 47; F. Graham, Exchange, p. 7.
Roesler, Finanzpolitik, pp. 196–201; Hardach, First World War, pp. 157f.
Roesler, Finanzpolitik, pp. 206f; Holtfrerich, German Inflation, p. 117.
Feldman, Great Disorder, pp. 26–51.
Roesler, Finanzpolitik, pp. 208ff, 216; F. Graham, Exchange, p. 216.
Feldman, Army, Industry and Labour, pp. 97–117, 471f.
Roesler, Finanzpolitik, pp. 225–227; Bresciani-Turroni, Economics of Inflation, p. 442.
Holtfrerich, German Inflation, pp. 79–94.
Gullace, Sexual violence, p. 722.
Adams, Arms and the Wizard, p. 17n.
Skidelsky, John Maynard Keynes, vol. II, p. 302.
Hardach, First World War, p. 153.
Bankers Trust Company, French Public Finance, p. 11.
Подсчитано на основании данных из Balderston, War Finance, p. 225.
Knauss, Die deutsche, englische und französische Kriegsfinanzierung. Ср. Eichengreen, Golden Fetters, pp. 75ff.
Balderston, War Finance, pp. 225, 230–237. Ср. Kirkaldy, British Finance; Mallet и George, British Budgets; Grady, British War Finance; Stamp, Taxation during the War; E. Morgan, Studies in British Financial Policy.
Подсчитано на основании данных из Roesler, Finanzpolitik, pp. 196, 201; E. Morgan, Studies in British Financial Policy, p. 41; Balderston, War Finance, p. 225. Множество подробностей о британских налогах во время войны можно найти в Mallet и George, British Budgets, pp. 394–407.
Kemp, French Economy, pp. 46f. Ср. Truchy, Finances de guerre; Jèze, Dépenses de guerre.
Godfrey, Capitalism at War, pp. 215f.
Bankers Trust Company, French Public Finance, pp. 120, 187. Об итальянских финансах военного времени см. Fausto, Politica fiscale, pp. 4–138.
Stone, Eastern Front, pp. 289f. См. также Lyashchenko, History of the National Economy, pp. 768f.
Hardach, First World War, p. 167. Ср. Carr, Bolshevik Revolution, vol. III, pp. 144f.
Hiley, British War Film, p. 175.
Nägler, Pandora’s Box, p. 14.
Подробности см. в Kirkaldy, British Finance, pp. 125–149.
Bankers Trust Company, French Public Finance, p. 18.
Apostol, Bernatzky и Michelson, Russian Public Finance, pp. 249, 252, 263.
Подробности см. в Roesler, Finanzpolitik, pp. 206.
Becker, Great War, pp. 147f. (Данные по заводам Ле-Крёзо.)
Stone, Eastern Front, pp. 290f.
Kemp, French Economy, p. 47.
Подсчитано на основании данных из Bankers Trust Company, French Public Finance, pp. 138f; Balderston, War Finance, p. 227.
E. Morgan, Studies in British Financial Policy, p. 140. Ср. Bankers Trust Company, English Public Finance, p. 30.
Hardach, First World War, p. 162; Bankers Trust Company, French Public Finance, p. 18; Schremmer, Taxation and Public Finance, p. 398.
Apostol, Bernatzky and Michelson, Russian Public Finance, p. 282.
Hardach, First World War, pp. 167ff.
См., например, Burk, Britain, America and the Sinews of War. См. также Burk, Mobilization of Anglo-American Finance, pp. 25–42.
