Finkel, Osman’s Dream, 500–501.
Selim Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains: Ideology and the Legitimation of Power in the Late Ottoman Empire, 1876–1909 (London: I.B. Tauris, 1998), 22, 26, 29.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 60–61.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 37–39.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 48.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 50.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 53.
Selçuk Akşin Somel, ‘Osmanlı modernleşme döneminde periferik nüfus grupları’, Toplum ve Bilim 83, Osmanlı: Muktedirler ve Mâdunlar (Kış 1999–2000): 178–199.
Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, s.v., ‘Alevīs’, by Markus Dressler.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 68–75.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 85.
Eugene Rogan, ‘Aşiret Mektebi: Abdülhamid II’s School for Tribes (1892–1907)’, International Journal of Middle East Studies 28, no. 1 (February 1996): 83–107; Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 99–104.
Somel, ‘Osmanlı modernleşme döneminde periferik nüfus grupları’, 197–198.
Göle, The Forbidden Modern, 32.
Elizabeth Frierson, ‘Unimagined Communities: Women and Education in the Late-Ottoman Empire, 1876–1909’, Critical Matrix 9, no. 2 (1995): 55–90.
David Leupold, Embattled Dreamlands: The Politics of Contesting Armenian, Kurdish and Turkish Memory (London: Routledge, 2020), 108, 111, 153.
Ronald Grigor Suny, “They Can Live in the Desert but Nowhere Else”: A History of the Armenian Genocide (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2015), 86–87.
Цит. по: David McDowall, A Modern History of the Kurds, 3rd rev. ed. (London: I.B. Tauris, 2004), 53.
Janet Klein, The Margins of Empire: Kurdish Militias in the Ottoman Tribal Zone (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2011).
Stephan Astourian, ‘The Silence of the Land: Agrarian Relations, Ethnicity, and Power’, in A Question of Genocide: Armenians and Turks at the End of the Ottoman Empire, ed. Ronald Grigor Suny, Fatma Müge Göçek, and Norman Naimark (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011), 55–81.
Suny, “They Can Live in the Desert but Nowhere Else”, 105–123.
Deringil, Conversion and Apostasy in the Late Ottoman Empire, 203.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 27, 31–32.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 137.
Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 149.
Baer, Sultanic Saviors and Tolerant Turks, 53–72.
Julia Phillips Cohen, Becoming Ottomans: Sephardi Jews and Imperial Citizenship in the Modern Era (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014), 6, 8.
Cohen, Becoming Ottomans, 49.
Cohen, Becoming Ottomans, 59.
Teacher Mercado Joseph Covo (d. 1940), quoted in Devin Naar, ‘Fashioning the “Mother of Israel”: The Ottoman Jewish Historical Narrative and the Image of Jewish Salonica’, Jewish History 28, no. 3 (2014): 337–372, здесь 363.
Covo, цит. по: Naar, ‘Fashioning the “Mother of Israel”’, 366.
Цит. по: Cohen, Becoming Ottomans, 49.
Цит. по: Cohen, Becoming Ottomans, 54.
Suny, “They Can Live in the Desert but Nowhere Else”, 123–125.
Cohen, Becoming Ottomans, 75–76.
‘Eyewitness to Massacres of Armenians in Istanbul (1896)’, in Sephardi Lives: A Documentary History, 1700–1950, ed. Sarah Abrevaya Stein and Julia Phillips Cohen (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2014), 134–139.
Margaret Lavinia Anderson, ‘“Down in Turkey, Far Away”: Human Rights, the Armenian Massacres, and Orientalism in Wilhelmine Germany’, Journal of Modern History 79, no. 1 (March 2007): 80–111, здесь 87.
Quoted in Yair Auron, The Banality of Indifference: Zionism and the Armenian Genocide (London: Transaction, 2000), 116.
Auron, The Banality of Indifference, 119.
Irvin Cemil Schick, ‘Sultan Abdülhamid II from the Pen of His Detractors: Oriental Despotism and the Sexualization of the Ancien Régime’, Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association 5, no. 2 (Fall 2018): 47–73.
Edward Said, Orientalism (London: Routledge, 1978), 1–3.
Трансиордания простиралась на юге через пустыню Негев до Акабского залива. На востоке и на севере не было реальных границ, на западе было Мертвое море, а на востоке пролегали маршруты караванов и паломников, эту область называли Хиджаз. – Прим. ред.
Eugene Rogan, Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850–1921 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 151; Maurus Reinkowski, Die Dinge der Ordnung: Eine vergleichende Untersuchung über die osmanische Reformpolitik im 19. Jahrhundert (Munich: R. Oldenbourg, 2005), 249–253.
Цит. по: Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains, 41.
Reinkowski, Die Dinge der Ordnung, 245.
Christoph Herzog and Raoul Motika, ‘Orientalism “alla turca”’, Die Welt des Islams 40, no. 2 (2000): 141–195.
Цит. по: Herzog and Motika, ‘Orientalism “alla turca”’ 185–186.
Цит. по: Herzog and Motika, ‘Orientalism “alla turca”’,
